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What characteristic defines a Limited Liability Corporation (LLC)?

  1. It is a non-profit organization.

  2. Owners have unlimited personal liability.

  3. It offers limited liability for the owners and avoids corporate income tax.

  4. It must have at least five shareholders.

The correct answer is: It offers limited liability for the owners and avoids corporate income tax.

A Limited Liability Corporation (LLC) is primarily defined by the characteristic of providing limited liability protection for its owners, known as members. This means that the personal assets of the members are generally protected from the debts and liabilities of the business. In other words, if the LLC incurs debt or legal judgments, the personal financial risk to the owners is reduced significantly. Additionally, an LLC benefits from pass-through taxation, which allows profits and losses to be reported on the owners' personal tax returns rather than being taxed at the corporate level. This avoids the double taxation that standard corporations face, making LLCs a popular choice for many small businesses. In contrast, the other choices present inaccurate descriptions of LLCs. They do not operate as non-profit organizations, they shield their owners from unlimited personal liability, and they do not have a requirement for a minimum number of shareholders, unlike corporations which often have more stringent structure requirements. These advantages make LLCs a flexible and appealing option for many business owners.